“a brief restatement, in your own words, of the main idea of a passage or an article. It is always much shorter than the original because it omits writers' strategies to add emphasis and interest” (Kirszner & Mandell, 2008, p. 143).
Cite a summary using the author’s last name and year of publication in parentheses.
Paraphrase
“a detailed restatement, in your own words, of all a source’s important ideas - but not your opinions or interpretations. You indicate the source’s main points and its order, tone and emphasis” (Kirszner & Mandell, 2008, p. 144).
Cite a paraphrase using the author’s last name and year of publication in parentheses
Tips When Summarizing and Paraphrasing
Read the whole paragraph or chapter before paraphrasing or summarizing.
Remember that you are not using the author's words when paraphrasing or summarizing. Use your own words.
It is important to give credit to the source or individual whose ideas influenced your work (APA, 2020).
Cite your sources even when you put the information into your own words.
Include citations whenever necessary to help the reader distinguish between your original thoughts and information from your sources.
An in-text citation contains the last name of the author or authors and then the year of publication, separated by a comma.
Consider exploring the following tutorial for more detailed guidance on summarizing and paraphrasing.
